Indoor Air Quality and Sick Building Syndrome in Selected Public Buildings in Shah Alam, Selangor

Authors

Ismaniza Ismail, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, SelangorFollow
Mohamad Solehin Zulkarnain, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, SelangorFollow
Ilyas Syafiq Darul Ridzuan, Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 43000 Kajang, SelangorFollow
Yahya Thamrin, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Universitas Hasanuddin, MakassarFollow
Nasrul Hamidin, Faculty of Civil Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, PerlisFollow

Abstract

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is always associated with Sick Building Syndromes (SBS) despite the age of the buildings, particularly in buildings where indoor air pollutants may affect occupants’ health and productivity. This study assessed IAQ parameters and SBS symptoms in five selected public buildings aged 10 and above in Shah Alam, Selangor. Physical, chemical and biological parameters were measured, while structured questionnaires were completed by 87 respondents occupying the buildings. Most IAQ parameters were within the ranges of the Industry Code of Practice on IAQ (ICOP IAQ 2010), except for air velocity, formaldehyde and Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) in two buildings. Statistical analyses showed no association between the building type and SBS occurrence, and no significant differences (p > 0.05) in air velocity, TVOC, CO₂ or fungal count among the buildings. In order to reduce SBS risks and enhance SBS, the source of contaminants should be tackled and regular monitoring should be implemented to ensure compliance with IAQ limits.

Recommended Citation

Ismail, Ismaniza; Zulkarnain, Mohamad Solehin; Ridzuan, Ilyas Syafiq Darul; Thamrin, Yahya; and Hamidin, Nasrul (2025) "Indoor Air Quality and Sick Building Syndrome in Selected Public Buildings in Shah Alam, Selangor," Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia: Vol. 21: Iss. 3, Article 6.
DOI: 10.30597/mkmi.v21i3.45527
Available at: https://scholarhub.unhas.ac.id/mkmi/vol21/iss3/6

Pages

209-217

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License.

Rights

©2025by author

DOI

10.30597/mkmi.v21i3.45527