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Abstract

Tropical forests are essential for climate change mitigation, but limited data on species diversity and aboveground carbon stocks in Indonesia constrain evidence-based forest management. This study aims to assess species diversity and aboveground carbon stocks in sugar palm forests and lowland forests in Negeri Hatusua, Maluku Province, Indonesia. Vegetation analysis was employed to determine species structure and diversity, while carbon stock measurement and calculation followed the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7724:2019) for land-based carbon assessment, with certain modifications. The results indicated that the species diversity index in the sugar palm forest was 2.21 for trees, 1.95 for poles, 2.26 for saplings, and 2.10 for seedlings. In the lowland forest, the species diversity index was 2.69 for trees, 1.82 for poles, 2.25 for saplings, and 2.96 for seedlings; all values fall within the moderate diversity category. The density comparison between the sugar palm forest and lowland forest was as follows: trees (260 vs. 230 individuals/ha), poles (420 vs. 320 individuals/ha), saplings (2,480 vs. 1,280 individuals/ha), and seedlings (33,000 vs. 137,000 individuals/ha). Sugar palm forest also exhibited greater basal area than lowland forest at all measured stage: trees (33.20 vs. 19.86 m²/ha), poles (6.89 vs. 4.94 m²/ha), and saplings (6.88 vs. 3.12 m²/ha). The aboveground carbon stock in the sugar palm forest was 126.45 tons/ha, with the largest contribution from tree biomass (92.98%), mainly from Arenga pinnata (38.20 tons/ha). In contrast, the aboveground carbon stock in the lowland forest was 65.06 tons/ha, with tree biomass contributing 95.64%, primarily from Pterocarpus indicus (9.75 tons/ha).

DOI

10.65844/2407-7860.1200

Pages

69-83

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